Present Perfect
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Form
The Present Perfect is constructed by using the verb "have" in the Present Simple as an auxiliary and the Past Participle form of the verb.
+ Subject + Have/Has + Particple + Object
- Subject + Have not/Has not (Haven't/Hasn't) + Participle + Object
? Have/Has + Subject + Have/Has + Participle + Object?
The Participle form of the verb has no change so it is the auxiliary that changes with the subject.
I / you / we / you / they : Have
he / she / it : Has
Function
We use the Present Perfect to talk about:
experiences in the past:
I have been to Madrid
without specific reference to time
Compare:
A) I have been to Madrid
B) I went to Madrid last year
experiences that have an impact on the present
He has hurt his arm
(It still hurts now)
We have eaten too much
(We still feel full now)
